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  This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 692976. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Survey of European and Turkish Elites on Turkey-EU Relations, 2019

Survey of European and Turkish Elites on Turkey-EU Relations

• Codebook
• Factsheet

Codebook

COUNTRY1: Country

Question text: Country

RESPSEX: Respondent's gender

Question text: What is your gender?

AGEGRP: Respondent's age

Question text: Respondent's age

EMPLDSCR: Which of the following best describes your employer?

Question text: Which of the following best describes your employer?

ORGTYPE: Which of the following best describes the type of organization you work in?

Question text: Which of the following best describes the type of organization you work in?

EUSCENR: The best scenario for the EU future

Question text: Which of the following scenarios do you think is best suited for the future of the EU?

TRKSUPP: Do you support Turkey’s membership in the EU?

Question text: Do you support Turkey’s membership in the EU?

EEATR: Should the EEA be enlarged to include Turkey?

Question text: Should the European Economic Area be enlarged to include Turkey?

EUTRPOL: Important for driving EU–Turkey relations - Politics

Question text: On a scale from 1 to 5, how important do you think the following are in driving EU – Turkey relations (1=Not important at all, 5=Very Important)? - Politics

EUTRIDN: Important for driving EU–Turkey relations - Identity

Question text: On a scale from 1 to 5, how important do you think the following are in driving EU – Turkey relations (1=Not important at all, 5=Very Important)? - Identity

EUTRSCR: Important for driving EU–Turkey relations - Security

Question text: On a scale from 1 to 5, how important do you think the following are in driving EU – Turkey relations (1=Not important at all, 5=Very Important)? - Security

EUTRECN: Important for driving EU–Turkey relations - Economy

Question text: On a scale from 1 to 5, how important do you think the following are in driving EU – Turkey relations (1=Not important at all, 5=Very Important)? - Economy

EUTRENR: Important for driving EU–Turkey relations - Energy

Question text: On a scale from 1 to 5, how important do you think the following are in driving EU – Turkey relations (1=Not important at all, 5=Very Important)? - Energy

EUTRMGR: Important for driving EU–Turkey relations - Migration

Question text: On a scale from 1 to 5, how important do you think the following are in driving EU – Turkey relations (1=Not important at all, 5=Very Important)? - Migration

ACCPREUTR: Agree/disagree the accession process is an appropriate framework for EU-Turkey relations

Question text: How much do you agree or disagree with the statement that, the accession process is an appropriate framework for EU-Turkey relations?

EUTRREL: EU-Turkey relations between now and 2023

Question text: In your opinion, which of the following do you think will best describe EU-Turkey relations between now and 2023?

EUTRRELPL: The best describe EU-Turkey relations between now and 2023 - Politics

Question text: Which of the following scenarios do you think will best describe EU-Turkey relations between now and 2023, in the areas listed below? - Politics

EUTRRELSC: The best describe EU-Turkey relations between now and 2023 - Security

Question text: Which of the following scenarios do you think will best describe EU-Turkey relations between now and 2023, in the areas listed below? - Security

EUTRRELEC: The best describe EU-Turkey relations between now and 2023 - Economy

Question text: Which of the following scenarios do you think will best describe EU-Turkey relations between now and 2023, in the areas listed below? - Economy

EUTRRELEN: The best describe EU-Turkey relations between now and 2023 - Energy

Question text: Which of the following scenarios do you think will best describe EU-Turkey relations between now and 2023, in the areas listed below? - Energy

EUTRRELMG: The best describe EU-Turkey relations between now and 2023 - Migration

Question text: Which of the following scenarios do you think will best describe EU-Turkey relations between now and 2023, in the areas listed below? - Migration

NOCONFL: As long as there is cooperation within important areas of the relationship, tensions will not escalate into conflict

Question text: On a scale of 1 to 5, to what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements (1=Completely disagree, 5=Completely agree)? - As long as there is cooperation within important areas of the relationship, tensions will not escalate into conflict.

CONCOOP: Turkey-EU relations will be characterized by a mix of cooperation and conflict between now and 2023

Question text: On a scale of 1 to 5, to what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements (1=Completely disagree, 5=Completely agree)? - Turkey-EU relations will be characterized by a mix of cooperation and conflict between now and 2023.

TREUPRJ: Turkey should be consulted in the European projects it contributes to

Question text: On a scale of 1 to 5, to what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements (1=Completely disagree, 5=Completely agree)? - Turkey should be consulted in the European projects it contributes to (e.g.Turkey should be consulted prior to the next time the European Commission announces a research and innovation program).

COPPESCO: Turkey and the EU will step up cooperation within the PESCO agreement

Question text: On a scale of 1 to 5, to what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements (1=Completely disagree, 5=Completely agree)? - Turkey and the EU will step up cooperation within the Permanant Structured Cooperation (PESCO) agreement.

MCUCOP: A modernized Customs Union has the strongest potential to improve relations between the EU and Turkey

Question text: On a scale of 1 to 5, to what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements (1=Completely disagree, 5=Completely agree)? - A modernized Customs Union has the strongest potential to improve relations between the EU and Turkey.

EUTRRUENR: Turkey and the EU will jointly push back against disruptions in energy transit from Russia

Question text: On a scale of 1 to 5, to what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements (1=Completely disagree, 5=Completely agree)? - Turkey and the EU will jointly push back against disruptions in energy transit from Russia.

EUTRMGRP: Turkey will increasingly be seen as a buffer for migration as right wing politics rises across the EU

Question text: On a scale of 1 to 5, to what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements (1=Completely disagree, 5=Completely agree)? - Turkey will increasingly be seen as a buffer for migration as right wing politics rises across the EU.

COPENR: Turkey and the EU will have to keep cooperating on energy-related matters

Question text: On a scale of 1 to 5, to what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements (1=Completely disagree, 5=Completely agree)? - Turkey and the EU will have to keep cooperating on energy-related matters, as long as gas remains a key component of the European energy mix.

RELMNT: The importance Erdogan places on the economy’s strong performance will force Turkey and the EU to maintain, if not improve economic ties

Question text: On a scale of 1 to 5, to what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements (1=Completely disagree, 5=Completely agree)? - The importance Erdogan places on the economy’s strong performance will force Turkey and the EU to maintain, if not improveeconomic ties.

UNSCFREL: None of the existing models of integration or association between the EU and third countries can sufficiently capture Turkey-EU relations

Question text: On a scale of 1 to 5, to what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements (1=Completely disagree, 5=Completely agree)? - None of the existing models of integration or association between the EU and third countries (e.g. Norway and the EU) can sufficiently capture Turkey-EU relations.

EUTRNRM: The EU-Turkey relationship should be norm-based

Question text: On a scale of 1 to 5, to what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements (1=Completely disagree, 5=Completely agree)? The EU-Turkey relationship should be norm-based, with full membership still on the table.

EUTRINT: The EU-Turkey relationship should move towards differentiated integration

Question text: On a scale of 1 to 5, to what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements (1=Completely disagree, 5=Completely agree)? The EU-Turkey relationship should move towards differentiated integration.

EUTRPRC: The EU-Turkey relationship should move towards cooperation on practical matters

Question text: On a scale of 1 to 5, to what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements (1=Completely disagree, 5=Completely agree)? The EU-Turkey relationship should move towards cooperation on practical matters, but drop integration from the agenda.

EUTRINOV: The EU-Turkey relationship should move towards a more innovative institutional arrangement

Question text: On a scale of 1 to 5, to what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements (1=Completely disagree, 5=Completely agree)? The EU-Turkey relationship should move towards a more innovative institutional arrangement which would not preclude membership while not emphasizing it for the moment.

EUTREND: Turkey and the EU should formally end the accession track

Question text: On a scale of 1 to 5, to what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements (1=Completely disagree, 5=Completely agree)? Turkey and the EU should formally end the accession track before negotiating a new framework for their relationship.

EUTRNEW: There is need to negotiate a new framework for Turkey-EU relationship future

Question text: On a scale of 1 to 5, to what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements (1=Completely disagree, 5=Completely agree)? There is need to negotiate a new framework for the future of the Turkey-EU relationship.

EUTRTRNC: The Turkey-EU relationship should be purely transactional

Question text: On a scale of 1 to 5, to what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements (1=Completely disagree, 5=Completely agree)? The Turkey-EU relationship should be purely transactional, with no political conditionality or rules based framework.

FRMTR: Which of the following statements do you agree with?

Question text: Which of the following statements do you agree with?

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