Caucasus Barometer 2024 Georgia

Caucasus Barometer is the regular household survey about social-economic issues and political attitudes conducted by CRRC.
Country: Georgia
Fieldwork Dates: April 16, 2024 to May 13, 2024

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MAINENEM: Which country is currently the main enemy of Georgia?

Sual mətni: In your opinion, which country is currently the main enemy of Georgia?

Qeyd: Answer options 'Germany', 'Ukraine', 'China' and 'France' were grouped with 'Other'.

PARTYSUPP: Which political party is closest to you?

Sual mətni: There are a number of political parties in Georgia. Which political party is closest to you?

Qeyd: Answer options 'People’s Party (Sozar Subari, Dimitri Khundadze, Mikheil Kavelashvili)', 'Free Georgia (Kakha Kukava)', 'Georgian March (Sandro Bregadze)', 'Alliance of Patriots of Georgia (David Tarkhan-Mouravi, Irma Inashvili)', 'Democratic Movement – United Georgia (Nino Burjanadze)', 'Droa (Elene Khoshtaria)', 'For Justice (Eka Beselia)', 'Republican Party of Georgia (Khatuna Samnidze, Davit Berdzenishvili)', 'Tribune Party (David Tchitchinadze)' and 'State for the People (Nika Machutadze)' were grouped to 'Other'.

INFSOU1: First main source of information for receiving news about Georgia's current events?

Sual mətni: What are your main sources of information for receiving news about Georgia's current events? Please tell me, which is your first main source of information.

Qeyd: Answer options 'Radio' and 'Newspapers, news magazines' were grouped to 'Other'.

EUSUPP: To what extent would you support Georgia's membership in the European Union?

Sual mətni: Using a scale of 1 to 5, where code ‘1’ means no support and code ‘5’ means your full support, to what extent would you support Georgia's membership in the European Union?

IMPISS1: Most important issue facing Georgia at the moment

Sual mətni: What do you think is the most important issue facing Georgia at the moment?

Qeyd: Answer options 'Russian immigrants', 'Threat to national traditions', 'Problematic relations with Russia', 'Religious intolerance', 'Violation of property rights', 'Gender inequality', 'Immigration (foreigners (Except Russians) coming to Georgia)' were grouped to 'Other'.

TRUMTVINFO: Which TV station do you trust the most for news on politics and events in Georgia?

Sual mətni: Which TV station, if any, do you trust the most for news on politics and events in Georgia?

Qeyd: Answer options 'Adjara TV', 'Maestro', 'Alt-info', 'Euronews Georgia', 'RTR', 'ORT', 'Obieqtivi' and 'NTV' were grouped to 'Other'.

KNOWRUS: Knowledge of Russian

Sual mətni: Please tell me which one of these levels best describes your ability in Russian language

TRUNGOS: Trust - NGOs

Sual mətni: Please tell me how much do you trust or distrust NGOs working in Georgia?

KNOWENG: Knowledge of English

Sual mətni: Please tell me which one of these levels best describes your ability in English language

TRUEXEC: Trust - Executive government

Sual mətni: Please tell me how much do you trust or distrust Georgia's Executive government (Prime minister and ministers)?

MAINFRN: Which country is currently the main friend of Georgia?

Sual mətni: In your opinion, which country is currently the main friend of Georgia?

Qeyd: Answer option 'Poland' was grouped with 'Other'.

POLDIRN: Direction in which Georgia's domestic politics are going

Sual mətni: There are different opinions regarding the direction in which Georgia's domestic politics are going. Which of the following would you personally agree with?

FRQINTR: Frequency of Internet usage

Sual mətni: Could you please tell me how often do you use the Internet? Do you use the Internet …

STLN1: Which of the words best describes your attitude towards Stalin?

Sual mətni: Which of the words from this CARD best describes your attitude towards Stalin?

TRUSTEU: Trust - European Union

Sual mətni: Please tell me how much do you trust or distrust European Union?

ACTPNGO: Have you participated in any activity organized by an Noncomercial organization/NGO?

Sual mətni: During the last 12 months, have you participated in any activity organized by an Noncomercial organization/NGO?

FOODDBT: Frequency of borrowing money for food

Sual mətni: In the past 6 months, how often has your household borrowed any money to buy food? By ‘borrowing', we do not mean a bank loan. However, we do mean, for instance, a credit in a local shop.

NATOSUPP: To what extent would you support Georgia's membership in NATO?

Sual mətni: Using a scale of 1 to 5, where code ‘1’ means no support and code ‘5’ means your full support, to what extent would you support Georgia's membership in NATO?

RESPEDU: Highest level of education you have achieved

Sual mətni: What is the highest level of education you have achieved to date?

Qeyd: Options No primary education, Primary education, Incomplete secondary education, Secondary education were grouped to Secondary or lower, Incomplete higher education, Completed higher education and Post-graduate degree were grouped to Higher than secondary

CNTPROS: Situation in Georgia will never improve VS Everything will be fine in Georgia

Sual mətni: Which of the following statements do you agree with? Statement 1: Situation in Georgia will never improve. Statement 2: Eventually, everything will be fine in Georgia.

Qeyd: The question was recoded. Original options are as follows: 1. Situation in Georgia will never improve - Agree very strongly 2. Situation in Georgia will never improve - Agree 3. Eventually, everything will be fine in Georgia - Agree 4. Eventually, everything will be fine in Georgia - Agree very strongly 5. Agree with neither 6.Agree with both. Options 1 and 2 were grouped to Situation in Georgia will never improve, 3 and 4 to Eventually, everything will be fine in Georgia.

BUSINRUS: Approval of doing business with Russian

Sual mətni: Can you please tell me whether you approve or disapprove of people of your ethnicity doing business with Russian?

RELGNEW: Which religion or denomination do you consider yourself belonging to?

Sual mətni: Which religion or denomination, if any, do you consider yourself belonging to?

Qeyd: Answer options 'Protestant Church (Evangelist, Pentecostalist, Word of life, etc.)', 'Other Christian-leaning Church or group (Jehovah’s Witness, Mormons, etc.)' and 'Roman Catholic Church' were grouped to 'Other'.

USSRDISS: Was the dissolution of the Soviet Union a good thing or a bad thing for Georgia?

Sual mətni: In your opinion, was the dissolution of the Soviet Union a good thing or a bad thing for Georgia?

ETHNIC: Respondent's ethnicity

Sual mətni: There are a number of ethnic groups living in Georgia. Which ethnic group do you consider yourself a part of?

Qeyd: Answer options 'Other Caucasian ethnicity (Abkhazian, Lezgin, Ossetian, etc.)', 'Russian' and 'Kurd or Yezidi' were grouped to 'Other'.

NOMONFD: Not enough money to buy food for past 12 months

Sual mətni: Speaking about the past 12 months, how often did it happen that you did not have enough money to buy the food you or your family needed? Please tell me which of the options on this CARD reflect your situation best?

PROTEST: People should VS People should not participate in protest actions

Sual mətni: Which of the following statements do you agree with? Statement 1: people should participate in protest actions against the government, as this shows the government that the people are in charge. Statement 2: people should not participate in protest actions against the government, as it threatens stability in our country.

Qeyd: The question was recoded. Original options are as follows: 1. Participation in protests - Agree very strongly 2. Participation in protests - Agree 3. Non-participation in protests - Agree 4. Non-participation in protests - Agree very strongly 5. Agree with neither 6. Agree with both. Options 1 and 2 were grouped to 'People should participate' 3 and 4 to 'People should not participate'.

TRUPPS: Trust - Political parties

Sual mətni: Please tell me how much do you trust or distrust Georgia's Political parties?

INTABET: Most frequent internet activities - Gamble, bet

Sual mətni: Which of the following do you do most frequently when you are browsing the Internet? Please name three most frequent activities - Gamble, bet

Qeyd: The question was asked to the respondents who use the internet
Sequence of the answer options except 'other' was rotated in the Show cards during the fieldwork.

HAVEJOB: Do you have a job?

Sual mətni: Do you have a job?

Qeyd: The variable is generated from EMPLSIT_1 variable, present in the original dataset.

RATEHAP: How happy would you say you are?

Sual mətni: Overall, how happy would you say you are?

Qeyd: The question was recoded from 10-point scale into 5-point scale

TRUMEDI: Trust - Media

Sual mətni: Please tell me how much do you trust or distrust Georgia's Media?

TRUPARL: Trust - Parliament

Sual mətni: Please tell me how much do you trust or distrust Georgia's Parliament?

TRUCRTS: Trust - Court system

Sual mətni: Please tell me how much do you trust or distrust Georgia's Court system?

SAVINGS: Does your household currently have any savings?

Sual mətni: Does your household currently have any savings?

MIGSHRT: Interested in temporary emigration?

Sual mətni: If you had a chance, would you leave Georgia for a certain period of time to live somewhere else?

MARWRUS: Approval of women marrying Russian

Sual mətni: Would you approve or disapprove of women of your ethnicity marrying Russian?

RELIMP: How important is religion in your daily life?

Sual mətni: How important is religion in your daily life?

Qeyd: The question was asked to the respondents who consider themselves as the members of any religious denomination

GOVTROL: Government should be like a parent VS Government should be like an employee

Sual mətni: Please tell me which of the following statements you agree with? Statement 1: people are like children: the government should take care of them like a parent. Statement 2: government is like an employee: the people should be the bosses who control the government

Qeyd: The question was recoded. Original options are as follows: 1. Government as parent - Agree very strongly 2. Government as parent - Agree 3. Government as employee - Agree 4. Government as employee - Agree very strongly 5. Agree with neither 6. Agree with both. Options 1 and 2 were grouped to Parent, 3 and 4 to Employee.

ATTDEM: Which of these three statements is closest to your opinion?

Sual mətni: Which of these three statements is closest to your opinion?

INFSOU2: Second main source of information for receiving news about Georgia's current events?

Sual mətni: What is your second main source of information about Georgia's current events?

CNTRDEM: How much of a democracy is Georgia today?

Sual mətni: In your opinion, how much of a democracy is Georgia today? Is it …

NEIGHBOR_1: Which of these people would you not wish to have your neighbors most?

Sual mətni: Which of these people would you not wish to have your neighbors most?

Qeyd: Sequence of the answer options was rotated in the Show cards during the fieldwork.

RESFRWAR_1: Who holds the most responsibility for the war in Ukraine?

Sual mətni: In your opinion, who holds the most responsibility for the war in Ukraine?

TRUPRES: Trust - President

Sual mətni: Please tell me how much do you trust or distrust Georgia's President?

LIFESAT: How satisfied are you with your own life as a whole nowadays?

Sual mətni: All things considered, how satisfied are you with your own life as a whole nowadays?

Qeyd: The question was recoded from 10-point scale into 5-point scale

BUSINGA_1: Approval of doing business with a sexual minority person

Sual mətni: Can you please tell me whether you approve or disapprove of people like you doing business with a sexual minority person?

TRURELI: Trust - Religious institution respondent belongs to

Sual mətni: Please tell me how much do you trust or distrust Georgia's religious institution to which you belong?

RELSERV: Frequency of attendance of religious services

Sual mətni: Apart from special occasions such as weddings and funerals, about how often do you attend religious services nowadays?

Qeyd: The question was asked to the respondents who consider themselves as the members of any religious denomination
Answer options 'Every day', 'More than once a week' and 'Once a week' were grouped as 'Once a week or more often'.

CONFRISK: How likely or unlikely is it that Georgia gets involved in any war?

Sual mətni: In your opinion, how likely or unlikely is it that Georgia gets involved in any war?

EEUSUPNA: To what extent would you support Georgia's membership in the Eurasian Economic Union led by the Russian Federation?

Sual mətni: Using a scale of 1 to 5, where code ‘1’ means no support and code ‘5’ means your full support, to what extent would you support Georgia's membership in the Eurasian Economic Union led by the Russian Federation?

INTACIN: Most frequent internet activities - Search for information (Google, Wikipedia, etc.)

Sual mətni: Which of the following do you do most frequently when you are browsing the Internet? Please name three most frequent activities - Search for information (Google, Wikipedia, etc.)

Qeyd: The question was asked to the respondents who use the internet
Sequence of the answer options except 'other' was rotated in the Show cards during the fieldwork.

MARWARM: Approval of women marrying Armenian

Sual mətni: Would you approve or disapprove of women of your ethnicity marrying Armenian?

LIFEUSSR: How People live in georgia now, compared to the Soviet Union?

Sual mətni: In your opinion, would you say that people like you in Georgia in general live better, worse, or the same now compared to the Soviet Union?

FAMCLAB: Do you have a family member or close relative currently living abroad?

Sual mətni: Do you have a family member or close relative currently living abroad, outside the borders of Georgia?

INTACNW: Most frequent internet activities - Read, listen to or watch the news, including watching online TV, apart from news on social media platforms

Sual mətni: Which of the following do you do most frequently when you are browsing the Internet? Please name three most frequent activities - Read, listen to or watch the news, including watching online TV, apart from news on social media platforms

Qeyd: The question was asked to the respondents who use the internet
Sequence of the answer options except 'other' was rotated in the Show cards during the fieldwork.

VOTPRCP: If parliamentary elections were held next Sunday, would you participate in the elections or not?

Sual mətni: If parliamentary elections were held next Sunday, would you participate in the elections or not? Would you …

TRUARMY: Trust - Army

Sual mətni: Please tell me how much do you trust or distrust Georgia's Army?

OWNCARS: HH owns - Car

Sual mətni: Now, I will name several household items and amenities. Please note that we are only interested in items that your household owns and that are in normal working order. Please tell me whether or not your household (including yourself) owns - Car

EMIGRAT: Interested in permanent emigration?

Sual mətni: If you had a chance, would you leave Georgia forever to live somewhere else?

NATLPOL: Interest in Georgia's politics

Sual mətni: How interested would you say you are in Georgia's politics – are you …

ECONSTN: HH economic situation

Sual mətni: Which of the following statements best describes the current economic situation of your household?

BUSINUSA: Approval of doing business with American

Sual mətni: Can you please tell me whether you approve or disapprove of people of your ethnicity doing business with American?

IMPISS2: Second most important issue facing Georgia at the moment

Sual mətni: Tell me the second most important issue facing Georgia at the moment

Qeyd: Answer options 'Russian immigrants', 'Unaffordability of professional or higher education', 'Immigration (foreigners (Except Russians) coming to Georgia)', 'Violation of property rights' and 'Gender inequality' were grouped to 'Other'.

MAINMOD: Which country is a model for development for Georgia?

Sual mətni: In your opinion, which country is a model for development for Georgia?

Qeyd: Answer option 'Armenia' was grouped with 'Other'.

OWNAIRC: HH owns - Air conditioner

Sual mətni: Now, I will name several household items and amenities. Please note that we are only interested in items that your household owns and that are in normal working order. Please tell me whether or not your household (including yourself) owns - Air conditioner

BUSINARM: Approval of doing business with Armenian

Sual mətni: Can you please tell me whether you approve or disapprove of people of your ethnicity doing business with Armenian?

TRUPOLI: Trust - Police

Sual mətni: Please tell me how much do you trust or distrust Georgia's Police?

OWNCOMP: HH owns - Computer, including laptop, tablet computer

Sual mətni: Now, I will name several household items and amenities. Please note that we are only interested in items that your household owns and that are in normal working order. Please tell me whether or not your household (including yourself) owns - Computer, including laptop, tablet computer

FATEINLF: Perception of fatalism

Sual mətni: Please tell me which comes closest to your view on this CARD, where „1‟ means “Everything in life is determined by fate” and „10‟ means “People shape their fate themselves”.

Qeyd: The question was recoded from 10-point scale into 5-point scale

MARWUSA: Approval of women marrying American

Sual mətni: Would you approve or disapprove of women of your ethnicity marrying American?

APPFB: Do you use Facebook?

Sual mətni: Do you use the following social media platforms and applications: Facebook

Qeyd: The question was asked to the respondents who use the internet

MARWARA: Approval of women marrying Arab

Sual mətni: Would you approve or disapprove of women of your ethnicity marrying Arab?

ACTDEMO: Have you participated in any kind of demonstration, rally or protest?

Sual mətni: During the last 12 months, have you participated in any kind of demonstration, rally or protest?

TRUNATO: Trust - The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

Sual mətni: Please tell me how much do you trust or distrust the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)?

TRUHLTH: Trust - Healthcare system

Sual mətni: Please tell me how much do you trust or distrust Georgia's Healthcare system?

VOTLELE: Did you participate in the last parliamentary elections, which were held on OCTOBER 31st, 2020?

Sual mətni: Did you participate in the last parliamentary elections, which were held on OCTOBER 31st, 2020?

TRUBANK: Trust - Banks

Sual mətni: Please tell me how much do you trust or distrust Georgia's Banks?

OWNWASH: HH owns - Automatic washing machine

Sual mətni: Now, I will name several household items and amenities. Please note that we are only interested in items that your household owns and that are in normal working order. Please tell me whether or not your household (including yourself) owns - Automatic washing machine

BUSINJEW: Approval of doing business with Jew

Sual mətni: Can you please tell me whether you approve or disapprove of people of your ethnicity doing business with Jew?

APPINS: Do you use Instagram?

Sual mətni: Do you use the following social media platforms and applications: Instagram

Qeyd: The question was asked to the respondents who use the internet

BUSINARA: Approval of doing business with Arab

Sual mətni: Can you please tell me whether you approve or disapprove of people of your ethnicity doing business with Arab?

GALLTRU: Most people can be trusted?

Sual mətni: Generally speaking, would you say that most people in Georgia can be trusted, or that you can't be too careful in dealing with people?

Qeyd: The question was recoded from 10-point scale into 5-point scale

TRUSTUN: Trust - United Nations

Sual mətni: Please tell me how much do you trust or distrust United Nations?

MARWDE: Approval of women marrying German

Sual mətni: Would you approve or disapprove of women of your ethnicity marrying German?

FAIRTRT: People like yourself are treated fairly by the government

Sual mətni: Under the present government in Georgia, do you completely agree, somewhat agree, somewhat disagree, or completely disagree that people like yourself are treated fairly by the government?

WORKTYP: Status and type of primary workplace

Sual mətni: Speaking about your primary place of employment only, which of the following best describes your status and the type of workplace?

Qeyd: The question was asked to the respondents who were employed

INCSOUGO: Sources of HH income: Pensions and government benefits

Sual mətni: Many households obtain income from several sources. I will read out several possible sources of income and please, tell me whether your household had monetary income from each of these sources in the last 12 months. Please think about the income of all members of your household - Pensions and government benefits.

BUSINAZE: Approval of doing business with Azerbaijani

Sual mətni: Can you please tell me whether you approve or disapprove of people of your ethnicity doing business with Azerbaijani?

MARWGEO: Approval of women marrying Georgian

Sual mətni: Would you approve or disapprove of women of your ethnicity marrying Georgian?

OWNCOTV: HH owns - Color television

Sual mətni: Now, I will name several household items and amenities. Please note that we are only interested in items that your household owns and that are in normal working order. Please tell me whether or not your household (including yourself) owns - Color television

INTACFB: Most frequent internet activities - Use Facebook

Sual mətni: Which of the following do you do most frequently when you are browsing the Internet? Please name three most frequent activities - Use Facebook

Qeyd: The question was asked to the respondents who use the internet
Sequence of the answer options except 'other' was rotated in the Show cards during the fieldwork.

RELFAST: Frequency of fasting when required by religious tradition

Sual mətni: How often do you fast when it is required by your religion? Do you…

Qeyd: The question was asked to the respondents who consider themselves as the members of any religious denomination
Frequencies are calculated without 'Fasting is not required in my religion' option.

FEELTRU: There are many people I can trust completely

Sual mətni: For each of the following statements, please tell me whether it describes your feelings, more or less describes your feelings, or does not describe your feelings - There are many people I can trust completely

TRUEDUC: Trust - Educational system

Sual mətni: Please tell me how much do you trust or distrust Georgia's Educational system?

TRUOMB: Trust - Ombudsman

Sual mətni: Please tell me how much do you trust or distrust Ombudsman?

BUSINTUR: Approval of doing business with Turk

Sual mətni: Can you please tell me whether you approve or disapprove of people of your ethnicity doing business with Turk?

FEELEMP: I experience a general feeling of emptiness

Sual mətni: For each of the following statements, please tell me whether it describes your feelings, more or less describes your feelings, or does not describe your feelings - I experience a general feeling of emptiness

INTLPOL: Interest in international politics

Sual mətni: How interested would you say you are in international politics – are you ...

FREESPK: People have the right to openly say what they think

Sual mətni: In Georgia today, do you think or not that people like yourself have the right to openly say what they think?

INTACFD: Most frequent internet activities - Participate in online trainings/webinars

Sual mətni: Which of the following do you do most frequently when you are browsing the Internet? Please name three most frequent activities - Participate in online trainings/webinars

Qeyd: The question was asked to the respondents who use the internet
Sequence of the answer options except 'other' was rotated in the Show cards during the fieldwork.

MARWAZE: Approval of women marrying Azerbaijani

Sual mətni: Would you approve or disapprove of women of your ethnicity marrying Azerbaijani?

CURRUNG: Current perceived economic rung

Sual mətni: Let's imagine there is a 10-step ladder reflecting the economic standing of all households in Georgia today. The first rung of this ladder corresponds to the lowest possible economic position in society, while the 10th rung corresponds to the highest possible position. On which rung of this ladder do you think your household currently stands?

Qeyd: The question was recoded from 10-point scale into 5-point scale

POLNOTUND: Agree/disagree: Politics and government seem too complicated to understand

Sual mətni: To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements? - Sometimes politics and government seem so complicated that a person like me can't really understand what's going on

MARWIND: Approval of women marrying Indians

Sual mətni: Would you approve or disapprove of women of your ethnicity marrying Indians?

GETJOBF: The most important factor for getting a good job

Sual mətni: Which of the following factors do you consider most important for getting a good job in Georgia?

Qeyd: Sequence of the answer options was rotated in the Show cards during the fieldwork.

UNEMYRS: Years of unemployment

Sual mətni: From which year have you not had a job?

Qeyd: The question was asked to the respondents who were unemployed.
The question was changed from open-ended and recoded.

MARWITA: Approval of women marrying Italian

Sual mətni: Would you approve or disapprove of women of your ethnicity marrying Italian?

FEELREJ: I often feel rejected

Sual mətni: For each of the following statements, please tell me whether it describes your feelings, more or less describes your feelings, or does not describe your feelings - I often feel rejected

APPTIK: Do you use Tiktok?

Sual mətni: Do you use the following social media platforms and applications: Tiktok

Qeyd: The question was asked to the respondents who use the internet

RMIGWAR: What is your attitude towards the Russian migrants who moved to Georgia since the war in Ukraine started in 2022?

Sual mətni: Overall, what is your attitude towards the Russian migrants who moved to Georgia since the war situation in Ukraine started in 2022?

INTASKY: Most frequent internet activities - Use it for instant messaging and for calls

Sual mətni: Which of the following do you do most frequently when you are browsing the Internet? Please name three most frequent activities - Use it for instant messaging and for calls

Qeyd: The question was asked to the respondents who use the internet
Sequence of the answer options except 'other' was rotated in the Show cards during the fieldwork.

MARWTUR: Approval of women marrying Turk

Sual mətni: Would you approve or disapprove of women of your ethnicity marrying Turk?

BUSINOSS: Approval of doing business with Ossetian

Sual mətni: Can you please tell me whether you approve or disapprove of people of your ethnicity doing business with Ossetian?

APPTEL: Do you use Telegram?

Sual mətni: Do you use the following social media platforms and applications: Telegram

Qeyd: The question was asked to the respondents who use the internet

BUSINITA: Approval of doing business with Italian

Sual mətni: Can you please tell me whether you approve or disapprove of people of your ethnicity doing business with Italian?

JOBSTART: Able to start working within the next 14 days

Sual mətni: If a suitable job were available, would you be able to start working within the next 14 days?

Qeyd: The question was asked to the respondents who were unemployed

WEBHOMEH: HH has internet access

Sual mətni: Now, I will name several household items and amenities. Please note that we are only interested in items that your household owns and that are in normal working order. Please tell me whether or not your household (including yourself) owns - Does any of your household members access the Internet from your home computer or laptop?

Qeyd: The question was asked only to the respondents, who own personal computer, including laptop

MARWUKR: Approval of women marrying Ukrainian

Sual mətni: Would you approve or disapprove of women of your ethnicity marrying Ukrainian?

INCSOUCO: Sources of HH income: Money from relatives living in the country

Sual mətni: Many households obtain income from several sources. I will read out several possible sources of income and please, tell me whether your household had monetary income from each of these sources in the last 12 months. Please think about the income of all members of your household - Money from family members, relatives, or friends living elsewhere in this country.

TRULOCG: Trust - Local government

Sual mətni: Please tell me how much do you trust or distrust Georgia's Local government?

KNOWOTH: Knowledge of other foreign language

Sual mətni: Please tell me which one of these levels best describes your ability in other foreign language, except English and Russian

BUSINGEO: Approval of doing business with Georgian

Sual mətni: Can you please tell me whether you approve or disapprove of people of your ethnicity doing business with Georgian?

APPYOUT: Do you use Youtube?

Sual mətni: Do you use the following social media platforms and applications: Youtube

Qeyd: The question was asked to the respondents who use the internet

BUSINUKR: Approval of doing business with Ukrainian

Sual mətni: Can you please tell me whether you approve or disapprove of people of your ethnicity doing business with Ukrainian?

OWNFRDG: HH owns - Refrigerator

Sual mətni: Now, I will name several household items and amenities. Please note that we are only interested in items that your household owns and that are in normal working order. Please tell me whether or not your household (including yourself) owns - Refrigerator

INCSOUAB: Sources of HH income: Money from relatives living abroad

Sual mətni: Many households obtain income from several sources. I will read out several possible sources of income and please, tell me whether your household had monetary income from each of these sources in the last 12 months. Please think about the income of all members of your household - Money from family members, relatives, or friends living in another country.

FEELRLY: There are plenty of people I can rely on when I have problems

Sual mətni: For each of the following statements, please tell me whether it describes your feelings, more or less describes your feelings, or does not describe your feelings - There are plenty of people I can rely on when I have problems

LOOKJOB: Looking for a job during the past 4 weeks?

Sual mətni: Have you actively looked for a job during the past four weeks, or not?

Qeyd: The question was asked to the respondents who were unemployed (except those who were unemployed and were not looking for a job)

INTACEM: Most frequent internet activities - Receive / send emails

Sual mətni: Which of the following do you do most frequently when you are browsing the Internet? Please name three most frequent activities - Receive / send emails

Qeyd: The question was asked to the respondents who use the internet
Sequence of the answer options except 'other' was rotated in the Show cards during the fieldwork.

BUSINKUR: Approval of doing business with Kurd, Yezidi

Sual mətni: Can you please tell me whether you approve or disapprove of people of your ethnicity doing business with Kurd, Yezidi?

COMPABL: Knowledge of computer

Sual mətni: Please tell me which one of these levels best describes your ability in computer (Microsoft Office programs, excluding games)

RELCOND: Perceived relative economic condition

Sual mətni: Relative to most of the households around you, would you describe the current economic condition of your household as …

INTACSN: Most frequent internet activities - Use social media platform(s) other than Facebook (e.g. Instagram, Snapchat, VKontakte, Odnoklassniki, etc.)

Sual mətni: Which of the following do you do most frequently when you are browsing the Internet? Please name three most frequent activities - Use social media platform(s) other than Facebook (e.g. Instagram, Snapchat, VKontakte, Odnoklassniki, etc.)

Qeyd: The question was asked to the respondents who use the internet
Sequence of the answer options except 'other' was rotated in the Show cards during the fieldwork.

INTACDW: Most frequent internet activities - Visit dating websites/applications

Sual mətni: Which of the following do you do most frequently when you are browsing the Internet? Please name three most frequent activities - Visit dating websites/applications

Qeyd: The question was asked to the respondents who use the internet
Sequence of the answer options except 'other' was rotated in the Show cards during the fieldwork.

BUSINABK: Approval of doing business with Abkhaz

Sual mətni: Can you please tell me whether you approve or disapprove of people of your ethnicity doing business with Abkhaz?

RMOEDUC: Highest level of education your mother has achieved

Sual mətni: What is the highest level of education your mother has achieved?

Qeyd: Options No primary education, Primary education, Incomplete secondary education, Secondary education were grouped to Secondary or lower, Incomplete higher education, Completed higher education and Post-graduate degree were grouped to Higher than secondary

FEELCLS: There are enough people to whom I feel close

Sual mətni: For each of the following statements, please tell me whether it describes your feelings, more or less describes your feelings, or does not describe your feelings - There are enough people to whom I feel close

INTACSH: Most frequent internet activities - Shop

Sual mətni: Which of the following do you do most frequently when you are browsing the Internet? Please name three most frequent activities - Shop

Qeyd: The question was asked to the respondents who use the internet
Sequence of the answer options except 'other' was rotated in the Show cards during the fieldwork.

ELCOND2: Would you say that those parliamentary elections, which were held on OCTOBER 31st, 2020, were conducted …

Sual mətni: Would you say that those parliamentary elections, which were held on OCTOBER 31st, 2020, were conducted …

MARWOSS: Approval of women marrying Ossetian

Sual mətni: Would you approve or disapprove of women of your ethnicity marrying Ossetian?

BUSINIRA: Approval of doing business with Iranian

Sual mətni: Can you please tell me whether you approve or disapprove of people of your ethnicity doing business with Iranian?

DEBTSHH: Does your household currently have any debts?

Sual mətni: Does your household currently have any debts?

UNDPOL: Agree/disagree: Have a good understanding of politics

Sual mətni: To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements? - I have a good understanding of the important political issues facing our country

OWNCELL: HH owns - Cell phone

Sual mətni: Now, I will name several household items and amenities. Please note that we are only interested in items that your household owns and that are in normal working order. Please tell me whether or not your household (including yourself) owns - Cell phone

APPODN: Do you use Odnoklassniki?

Sual mətni: Do you use the following social media platforms and applications: Odnoklassniki

Qeyd: The question was asked to the respondents who use the internet

MARWJEW: Approval of women marrying Jew

Sual mətni: Would you approve or disapprove of women of your ethnicity marrying Jew?

QUALIF: Agree/disagree: Consider myself well qualified to participate in politics

Sual mətni: To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements? - I consider myself well qualified to participate in politics, if I want to do so

INTACBL: Most frequent internet activities - Write a blog / read other’s blogs (e.g., Blogspot, Wordpress, Livejournal etc.)

Sual mətni: Which of the following do you do most frequently when you are browsing the Internet? Please name three most frequent activities - Write a blog / read other’s blogs (e.g., Blogspot, Wordpress, Livejournal etc.)

Qeyd: The question was asked to the respondents who use the internet
Sequence of the answer options except 'other' was rotated in the Show cards during the fieldwork.

RFAEDUC: Highest level of education your father has achieved

Sual mətni: What is the highest level of education your father has achieved?

Qeyd: Options No primary education, Primary education, Incomplete secondary education, Secondary education were grouped to Secondary or lower, Incomplete higher education, Completed higher education and Post-graduate degree were grouped to Higher than secondary

HLTHRAT: How would you rate your health?

Sual mətni: Overall, how would you rate your health? Would you describe it as …

FUTRUNG: Perceived economic rung in 5 years

Sual mətni: On which rung of this ladder do you think your household will be standing 5 years from now?

Qeyd: The question was recoded from 10-point scale into 5-point scale

INTACOT: Most frequent internet activities - Other

Sual mətni: Which of the following do you do most frequently when you are browsing the Internet? Please name three most frequent activities - Other

Qeyd: The question was asked to the respondents who use the internet
Sequence of the answer options except 'other' was rotated in the Show cards during the fieldwork.

BANKACC: Do you have a bank account or a bank card?

Sual mətni: Do you have a bank account or a bank card?

MARWIRA: Approval of women marrying Iranian

Sual mətni: Would you approve or disapprove of women of your ethnicity marrying Iranian?

INCSOURE: Sources of HH income: Rent collected

Sual mətni: Many households obtain income from several sources. I will read out several possible sources of income and please, tell me whether your household had monetary income from each of these sources in the last 12 months. Please think about the income of all members of your household - Income from renting of property, vehicles, or appliances.

APPTW: Do you use X (former Twitter)?

Sual mətni: Do you use the following social media platforms and applications: X (former Twitter)

Qeyd: The question was asked to the respondents who use the internet

INTAGAME: Most frequent internet activities - Play online games, except gambling

Sual mətni: Which of the following do you do most frequently when you are browsing the Internet? Please name three most frequent activities - Play online games, except gambling

Qeyd: The question was asked to the respondents who use the internet
Sequence of the answer options except 'other' was rotated in the Show cards during the fieldwork.

INCSOUIN: Sources of HH income: Interest/Investment returns

Sual mətni: Many households obtain income from several sources. I will read out several possible sources of income and please, tell me whether your household had monetary income from each of these sources in the last 12 months. Please think about the income of all members of your household - Interest or earnings on deposits or securities.

APPVKN: Do you use Vkontakte?

Sual mətni: Do you use the following social media platforms and applications: Vkontakte

Qeyd: The question was asked to the respondents who use the internet

APPOTH: Do you use the following social media platforms and applications: Other

Sual mətni: Do you use the following social media platforms and applications: Other

Qeyd: The question was asked to the respondents who use the internet

BUSININD: Approval of doing business with Indians

Sual mətni: Can you please tell me whether you approve or disapprove of people of your ethnicity doing business with Indians?

MARWKUR: Approval of women marrying Kurd, Yezidi

Sual mətni: Would you approve or disapprove of women of your ethnicity marrying Kurd, Yezidi?

INCSOUPR: Sources of HH income: Sold property

Sual mətni: Many households obtain income from several sources. I will read out several possible sources of income and please, tell me whether your household had monetary income from each of these sources in the last 12 months. Please think about the income of all members of your household - Income from sale of property, vehicles, or appliances.

MARWCN: Approval of women marrying Chinese

Sual mətni: Would you approve or disapprove of women of your ethnicity marrying Chinese?

OWNCHTG: HH owns - Central heating

Sual mətni: Now, I will name several household items and amenities. Please note that we are only interested in items that your household owns and that are in normal working order. Please tell me whether or not your household (including yourself) owns - Central heating

PERSINC_1: Personal income last month

Sual mətni: Speaking about your personal monetary income last month, after all taxes are paid, to which of the following groups do you belong? Please think of all sources of income that you had last month.

MARWABK: Approval of women marrying Abkhaz

Sual mətni: Would you approve or disapprove of women of your ethnicity marrying Abkhaz?

OBJCOUR: Court system favors some citizens VS Treats all equally

Sual mətni: Please tell me which of the following statements do you agree with? Statement 1: The courts in Georgia favor some citizens over others. Statement 2: The courts in Georgia treat all citizens equally, rather than favoring some over others.

Qeyd: The question was recoded. Original options are as follows: 1. Court favours some citizens - Agree very strongly 2. Court favours some citizens - Agree 3. Court treats everyone equally - Agree 4. Court treats everyone equally - Agree very strongly 5. Agree with neither 6. Agree with both. Options 1 and 2 were grouped to 'Favor some citizens', 3 and 4 to 'Treat all equally'.

OWNPCELL: Do you personally own a cell phone?

Sual mətni: Do you personally own a cell phone, which is not of any other household members?

OWNHWT: HH owns - Hot water

Sual mətni: Now, I will name several household items and amenities. Please note that we are only interested in items that your household owns and that are in normal working order. Please tell me whether or not your household (including yourself) owns - Hot water

SECNDLATR: Second language used in everyday life - Turkish

Sual mətni: What other languages other than /interview language/ do you use in your everyday life, such as to talk with your family members, friends and neighbors, or to do business? - Turkish

FLMANDSC: Any foreign language mandatory at schools?

Sual mətni: Which foreign language, if any, do you think should be mandatory in secondary schools of Georgia?

Qeyd: Answer option 'French' was grouped to 'Other foreign language'.

INTACEN: Most frequent internet activities - Download / Listen to / Watch music/videos/movies

Sual mətni: Which of the following do you do most frequently when you are browsing the Internet? Please name three most frequent activities - Download / Listen to / Watch music/videos/movies

Qeyd: The question was asked to the respondents who use the internet
Sequence of the answer options except 'other' was rotated in the Show cards during the fieldwork.

SECNDLARU: Second language used in everyday life - Russian

Sual mətni: What other languages other than /interview language/ do you use in your everyday life, such as to talk with your family members, friends and neighbors, or to do business? - Russian

OWNMCR: HH owns - Microwave

Sual mətni: Now, I will name several household items and amenities. Please note that we are only interested in items that your household owns and that are in normal working order. Please tell me whether or not your household (including yourself) owns - Microwave

OWNLNDP: HH owns - Land line phone

Sual mətni: Now, I will name several household items and amenities. Please note that we are only interested in items that your household owns and that are in normal working order. Please tell me whether or not your household (including yourself) owns - Land line phone

INCSOUAG: Sources of HH income: Sales of agricultural products

Sual mətni: Many households obtain income from several sources. I will read out several possible sources of income and please, tell me whether your household had monetary income from each of these sources in the last 12 months. Please think about the income of all members of your household - Cash sales from agricultural products.

VTNODIF: Agree/disagree: No difference in whom I vote

Sual mətni: To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements? - No matter whom I vote it won’t make a difference

SECNDLAAP: Second language used in everyday life - Abkhaz

Sual mətni: What other languages other than /interview language/ do you use in your everyday life, such as to talk with your family members, friends and neighbors, or to do business? - Abkhaz

SECNDLANHE: Second language used in everyday life - Greek

Sual mətni: What other languages other than /interview language/ do you use in your everyday life, such as to talk with your family members, friends and neighbors, or to do business? - Greek

BUSINCN: Approval of doing business with Chinese

Sual mətni: Can you please tell me whether you approve or disapprove of people of your ethnicity doing business with Chinese?

OWNDISH: HH owns - Dishwasher

Sual mətni: Now, I will name several household items and amenities. Please note that we are only interested in items that your household owns and that are in normal working order. Please tell me whether or not your household (including yourself) owns - Dishwasher

SECNDLAEN: Second language used in everyday life - English

Sual mətni: What other languages other than /interview language/ do you use in your everyday life, such as to talk with your family members, friends and neighbors, or to do business? - English

INCSOUSL: Sources of HH income: Salaries, except sales of agricultural products

Sual mətni: Many households obtain income from several sources. I will read out several possible sources of income and please, tell me whether your household had monetary income from each of these sources in the last 12 months. Please think about the income of all members of your household - Aggregated earned income (salary) of all household members, except sales of agricultural products.

PASTCONF: Necessary to forget VS Impossible to forget the past

Sual mətni: Please tell me which of the following statements you agree with? Statement 1: Sometimes it is necessary to forget what happened in the past between peoples. Statement 2: It is impossible to forget what was in the past between peoples?

Qeyd: The question was recoded. Original options are as follows: 1. Sometimes it is necessary to forget what happened in the past between peoples - Agree very strongly 2. Sometimes it is necessary to forget what happened in the past between peoplest - Agree 3. It is impossible to forget what was in the past between peoples - Agree 4. It is impossible to forget what was in the past between peoples - Agree very strongly 5. Agree with neither 6. Agree with both. Options 1 and 2 were grouped to Sometimes it is necessary to forget what happened in the past between peoples, 3 and 4 to It is impossible to forget what was in the past between peoples.

SECNDLAZA: Second language used in everyday life - Kurdish languages

Sual mətni: What other languages other than /interview language/ do you use in your everyday life, such as to talk with your family members, friends and neighbors, or to do business? - Kurdish languages (Zazaki, Kurmanji, etc.)

INCSOUOT: Sources of HH income: Other source

Sual mətni: Many households obtain income from several sources. I will read out several possible sources of income and please, tell me whether your household had monetary income from each of these sources in the last 12 months. Please think about the income of all members of your household - Other sources of income.

SECNDLANGKA: Second language used in everyday life - Georgian

Sual mətni: What other languages other than /interview language/ do you use in your everyday life, such as to talk with your family members, friends and neighbors, or to do business? - Georgian

SECNDLAAZ: Second language used in everyday life - Azerbaijani

Sual mətni: What other languages other than /interview language/ do you use in your everyday life, such as to talk with your family members, friends and neighbors, or to do business? - Azerbaijani

OFFPPLTH: Agree/disagree: Public officials don't care what people think

Sual mətni: To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements? - Public officials don't care much what people like me think

PPLNOSAY: Agree/disagree: Have no say in what the government does

Sual mətni: To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements? - People like me don’t have any say in what the government does

SECNDLAOT: Second language used in everyday life - Other

Sual mətni: What other languages other than /interview language/ do you use in your everyday life, such as to talk with your family members, friends and neighbors, or to do business? - Other

BUSINDE: Approval of doing business with German

Sual mətni: Can you please tell me whether you approve or disapprove people like you doing business with German?

SECNDLASV: Second language used in everyday life - Svan

Sual mətni: What other languages other than /interview language/ do you use in your everyday life, such as to talk with your family members, friends and neighbors, or to do business? - Svan

SECNDLAMR: Second language used in everyday life - Mingrelian (and Laz)

Sual mətni: What other languages other than /interview language/ do you use in your everyday life, such as to talk with your family members, friends and neighbors, or to do business? - Mingrelian (and Laz)

APPLKD: Do you use LinkedIn?

Sual mətni: Do you use the following social media platforms and applications: LinkedIn

Qeyd: The question was asked to the respondents who use the internet

TVACCESS: HH owns - Cable, satellite, or internet TV

Sual mətni: Now, I will name several household items and amenities. Please note that we are only interested in items that your household owns and that are in normal working order. Please tell me whether or not your household (including yourself) owns - Does your household have access to cable, satellite, or internet TV?

CONFRISKT: When would that probably happen?

Sual mətni: In your opinion, when would that probably happen?

Qeyd: This question was asked to the respondents who said that it is 'rather likely' or 'very likely' that Georgia gets involved in any war.

SECNDLAAV: Second language used in everyday life - Avar

Sual mətni: What other languages other than /interview language/ do you use in your everyday life, such as to talk with your family members, friends and neighbors, or to do business? - Avar

TRUCSTO: Trust - Collective Security Treaty Organisation (CSTO)

Sual mətni: Please tell me how much do you trust or distrust Collective Security Treaty Organisation (CSTO)?

SECNDLAOSS: Second language used in everyday life - Ossetian

Sual mətni: What other languages other than /interview language/ do you use in your everyday life, such as to talk with your family members, friends and neighbors, or to do business? - Ossetian

ACTTLKGOV: Have you written or talked to a government representative?

Sual mətni: During the last 12 months, have you written or talked to a government representative?

TRUEAEU: Trust - The Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU)

Sual mətni: Please tell me how much do you trust or distrust the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU)?

SECNDLAAS: Second language used in everyday life - Assyrian

Sual mətni: What other languages other than /interview language/ do you use in your everyday life, such as to talk with your family members, friends and neighbors, or to do business? - Assyrian

SECNDLAHY: Second language used in everyday life - Armenian

Sual mətni: What other languages other than /interview language/ do you use in your everyday life, such as to talk with your family members, friends and neighbors, or to do business? - Armenian

RFEELENG: Your emotional state - Engaged

Sual mətni: I will now list a few feelings, please, indicate whether each rather describes your recent emotional state or rather does not describe - Engaged

RFEELUNC: Your emotional state - Uncertain

Sual mətni: I will now list a few feelings, please, indicate whether each rather describes your recent emotional state or rather does not describe - Uncertain

CRITIC: Criticize everyone VS Unaccaptable to criticize some

Sual mətni: Please tell me which of the following statements you agree with? Statement 1: Everyone should be able to publicly express a critical opinion about any other person. Statement 2: There are people whose merits are so great that it is unacceptable to publicly criticize them.

Qeyd: The question was recoded. Original options are as follows: 1. Everyone can criticize any other person - Agree very strongly 2. Everyone can criticize any other person - Agree 3. There are people whose criticism is unacceptable - Agree 4. There are people whose criticism is unacceptable - Agree very strongly 5. Agree with neither 6. Agree with both. Options 1 and 2 were grouped to 'Criticize everyone', 3 and 4 to 'Unacceptable to criticize some'.

EMPLHHM: How many people in your household are currently employed?

Sual mətni: How many people (including you) in your household are currently employed? This employment may be part-time or full-time, official, informal, or self-employment, but it brings monetary income.

Qeyd: The question was changed from open-ended and recoded

RFEELUNS: Your emotional state - Unsafe

Sual mətni: I will now list a few feelings, please, indicate whether each rather describes your recent emotional state or rather does not describe - Unsafe

ACTSPET_1: Have you signed a petition or a demand/request, including an online petition?

Sual mətni: During the last 12 months, have you signed a petition or a demand/request, including an online petition?

WORKSEC_1: Sector of working

Sual mətni: Which of the following best describes the sector in which your primary work is in?

Qeyd: The question was asked to the respondents who were employed

RFEELIND: Your emotional state - Indifferent

Sual mətni: I will now list a few feelings, please, indicate whether each rather describes your recent emotional state or rather does not describe - Indifferent

RFEELEXH: Your emotional state - Exhausted

Sual mətni: I will now list a few feelings, please, indicate whether each rather describes your recent emotional state or rather does not describe - Exhausted

RFEELHOP: Your emotional state - Hopeful

Sual mətni: I will now list a few feelings, please, indicate whether each rather describes your recent emotional state or rather does not describe - Hopeful

RFEELEXC: Your emotional state - Excited

Sual mətni: I will now list a few feelings, please, indicate whether each rather describes your recent emotional state or rather does not describe - Excited

MONYTOT_1: HH monetary income last month

Sual mətni: Household income is a sum of monetary income of all household members. Speaking about monetary income of all your household members last month after all taxes are paid, to which of the following groups does your household belong?

RFEELMIS: Your emotional state - Missing somebody or something

Sual mətni: I will now list a few feelings, please, indicate whether each rather describes your recent emotional state or rather does not describe - Missing somebody or something

RFEELOPT: Your emotional state - Optimistic

Sual mətni: I will now list a few feelings, please, indicate whether each rather describes your recent emotional state or rather does not describe - Optimistic

RFEELAVO: Your emotional state - Avoidant

Sual mətni: I will now list a few feelings, please, indicate whether each rather describes your recent emotional state or rather does not describe - Avoidant

RFEELALI: Your emotional state - Alienated

Sual mətni: I will now list a few feelings, please, indicate whether each rather describes your recent emotional state or rather does not describe - Alienated

RFEELANG: Your emotional state - Angry

Sual mətni: I will now list a few feelings, please, indicate whether each rather describes your recent emotional state or rather does not describe - Angry

SECNDFRE: Second language used in everyday life - French

Sual mətni: What other languages other than /interview language/ do you use in your everyday life, such as to talk with your family members, friends and neighbors, or to do business? - French

AGEGROUP: Age of the respondent

Sual mətni: Age of the respondent

Qeyd: The variable is generated from AGE variable, present in the original dataset

SETTYPE: Settlement type

Sual mətni: Settlement type

RESPSEX: Gender of the respondent

Sual mətni: Gender of the respondent

HHSIZE: Total number of people per household

Sual mətni: Total number of people per household

HHASIZE: Total number of adults per household

Sual mətni: Total number of adults per household

RESPSINC_1: Level of sincerity of the respondent

Sual mətni: How would you evaluate sincerity of respondent’s answers?

RESPINL: Respondent's level of intelligence

Sual mətni: On a scale of 1 to 5, how would you rate the respondent's level of intelligence?

HELPC: Help from other household member(s) while answering the questions about HH's economic situation

Sual mətni: Did the respondent get help from other household member(s) while answering the questions of the section 'HH's economic situation'?

RESPTIR_1: How tired was respondent in the end of the interview?

Sual mətni: In your opinion, how tired was the respondent in the end of the interview?

FRQSHCD_1: How often did you feel the respondent was reluctant to use the Show Cards?

Sual mətni: How often did you feel the respondent was reluctant to use the SHOW CARDS (read them carefully him/herself)?

INTLANG: Interview language

Sual mətni: Interview language

ATTEND_1: Number of people present at the interview

Sual mətni: If you think about the most of the length of the interview, how many people were physically present at the interview, besides you and the respondent?

Qeyd: The question was changed from open-ended and recoded.

FRQDIST_1: Frequency of respondent being distracted

Sual mətni: How often was the respondent distracted during the interview – e.g. had to receive or make a phone call, talk to a household member or a neighbor, etc.?

LISTENO_1: Did anybody else listen the interview?

Sual mətni: Was anybody but you and the respondent him/herself able to listen to the respondent’s answers during the interview?

FRQUNDST_1: How often did you feel that the respondent did not understand the questions?

Sual mətni: How often did you feel that the respondent did not understand the questions you asked?

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